2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and other Fe(II)-dependent oxygenases are an important family of enzymes with roles in collagen biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, nucleic acid repair and modification, histone demethylation, and hypoxic sensing. Impaired 2OG oxygenase activity is linked to the cellular hypoxic response and various diseases including cancer.Iron-chelators, Co(II) ions, and 2OG analogues such as pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylate and N-oxalylglycine have been used as non-selective inhibitors of 2OG oxygenases. However, they require administration as pro-drug diester derivatives. IOX1 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of 2OG oxygenases that does not require application in a pro-drug formulation. IOX1 inhibits JMJD2A, JMJD2E and the 2OG oxygenases PHF8, PHD2, and FIH with IC50 values of 1.7, 2.4, 13.3, 14.3, and 20.5 μM, respectively. IOX1 inhibits H3K9me3 demethylation by JMJD2A in HeLa cells with an IC50 value of 87 μM.
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